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記事タイトル
魚類の不妊化法：特に紫外放射を用いた始原生殖細胞形成阻害について
発刊年月日
2025年3月　Vol.109　第2号
著者名
斎藤 大樹
企業・団体名
愛媛大学南予水産研究センター
記事種別
特集資料・講演など
抄録（ABSTRACT）
Sterilization of aquaculture fish, where gamete production is suppressed, is becoming increasingly important to mitigate growth inhibition caused by maturation, enable the realization of surrogate production technology, and prevent the leakage of aquatic genetic resources. Over the past decades, several
sterilization methods have been reported for fish species. However, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, rendering them impractical for use in marine finfish aquaculture. In this review, we discuss a sterilization method utilizing ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on fertilized fish eggs. This
method involves exposing fertilized eggs to UV radiation to disrupt the formation of germ cell determinants, thereby inhibiting germ cell development and inducing sterility in the individuals. While UV-based sterilization techniques are theoretically applicable to all fish species-since germ plasm, composed of several RNAs and proteins, is sensitive to UV radiation-technical limitations currently make practical application challenging for many species. Thus far, successful induction of sterilization has only been demonstrated in a few species under basic research conditions. In this article, before detailing the technical aspects of sterilization techniques, we provide an overview of the background and the reasons why sterilization is necessary in fish. We then describe the various sterilization techniques, with a focus on UV radiation-based sterilization.
図表タイトル

図１ 養殖生産量の増加 Fig.1 Increase in aquaculture production.
図２ 魚類の借腹生産の模式図 Fig.2 Schematic diagram of surrogate production in fish.
図３ チョウザメの生殖細胞質 Fig.3 Germ plasm of sturgeon.
図４ 全割卵と盤割卵の生殖細胞質の局在の違い Fig.4 Differences in germ plasm localization between holoblastic eggs and meroblastic eggs.

キーワード
ultraviolet radiation | 始原生殖細胞 | 生殖細胞質 | sterilization | surrogate propagation | aquaculture | primordial germ cells | germ plasm | 養殖 | 借腹生産技術 | 不妊化 | 紫外放射

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